Terry H. Klein, M.A., RPA
Executive Director
Mr. Terry Klein has a B.A. in anthropology from the University of Arizona and an M.A. in anthropology, specializing in cultural resource management, from Southern Illinois University, Carbondale. He has over 25 years of experience in historic preservation, serving as a Project Manager and Principal Investigator on many archaeological and historic architectural investigations conducted for federal, state and local agencies and for private businesses. He has also directed the cultural resource components of Environmental Impact Statements and Environmental Assessments. As a result, Mr. Klein has extensive experience with the linkages between Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, and Section 4(f) of the Department of Transportation Act. Mr. Klein is a nationally recognized expert in historical archaeology, with a focus on urban archaeology and the archaeology of farmsteads.
Mr. Klein was Principal Investigator for a National Academies' study involving the evaluation and improvement of cultural resource decision-making for transportation projects. This study involved a nationwide survey of state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) and State Historic Preservation Officers (SHPOs). Mr. Klein has also served as the facilitator and organizer of national historic preservation workshops and conferences. One workshop held in December 2003 focused on improving the management and preservation of the nation’s historic bridges. A second conference held on February 2004 evaluated current historic preservation regulatory practices and developed an action plan to improve these practices in terms of national transportation programs. Representatives from Federal Highway Administration, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, state Departments of Transportation, State Historic Preservation Offices, and tribes participated in this conference.
Mr. Klein co-developed and co-teaches the Foundation’s Integrating the National Environmental Policy Act and Section 106 two-day workshop. The workshop provides a brief overview of the basics of Section 106 and NEPA and examines best practices for integrating the two statutes within the context of current national environmental-streamlining efforts.
Lynne Sebastian, Ph.D., RPA
Director, Historic Preservation Programs
Lynne Sebastian has a Ph.D. in Anthropology from the University of New Mexico, an M.A. in English literature from the University of Utah, and a B.A. in English and Secondary Education from the University of Michigan. Dr. Sebastian has more than 20 years of experience in historic preservation and is a nationally recognized expert in historic preservation regulatory and legislative issues. She is also a recognized scholar in the archaeology of the American Southwest.
Dr. Sebastian oversees the Foundation’s continuing professional education and regulatory compliance and technical assistance programs; teaches continuing professional education and continuing legal education courses in cultural resource management; provides technical assistance and expert testimony about Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and other historic preservation issues; and researches and develops best-practices in cultural resource management. Dr. Sebastian developed and teaches the Foundation’s one- and two-day Section 106 workshops as well as the technical writing workshop.
Prior to joining the Foundation, Dr. Sebastian was the State Historic Preservation Officer for the state of New Mexico. In this position, she administered state and federal historic preservation laws; provided technical assistance to federal, state, and local government agencies; maintained and made available information concerning historic and prehistoric properties and surveys; maintained the state’s National and State Registers of historic properties; conducted public education and outreach programs; provided technical assistance and preservation incentives for owners of historic and prehistoric sites; reviewed Section 106 compliance projects and programs; and consulted with federal, state, and local agencies and with Native Americans and other traditional communities about preservation planning, archaeological research designs, and mitigation plans.
Dr. Sebastian is a past-President of the Society for American Archaeology (SAA). Prior to serving as President, she was the Chair of SAA’s Government Affairs Committee and served a term as Secretary of the Society. Dr. Sebastian also holds an adjunct Associate Professor of Anthropology appointment at the University of New Mexico.
Carol J. Ellick, M.A., RPA
Director, Public Outreach and Education Programs
Ms. Carol J. Ellick holds a B.A. in anthropology from The Evergreen State College (1981) and an M.A. in education, with a specialization in curriculum and instruction, from Chapman University (1992). She has been active in Cultural Resource Management (CRM) for more than two decades, with duties and responsibilities covering all aspects of CRM-related archaeology. In recent years, the focus of Ms. Ellick’s professional involvement has been public education. Her background in both archaeology and education bring together two unique perspectives and professions. Through her professional involvement, Ms. Ellick has become one of the leading experts in archaeological education and the development of public programs in the United States. In 1993, Ms. Ellick created a public programs division within Statistical Research, Inc., a cultural resource management firm in Tucson, Arizona. For nearly ten years, Ms. Ellick managed the only full time public programs division in a CRM setting in the country.
Through her specialization, Ms. Ellick has created educational materials for third through twelfth grades, taught teachers’ workshops in Arizona, Colorado and New Mexico, designed award-winning museum-quality displays, and worked within the professional archaeological community on the development of public outreach efforts. In addition, Ms. Ellick has developed a program entitled Parallel Perspectives that provides children with the opportunity to create a personal view of the past by examining both archaeological information and traditional cultural perspectives.
The focus of Ms. Ellick’s publications is archaeological education and public outreach. Her articles have appeared in numerous professional journals such as the National Park Service’s publication, Common Ground, the Society for American Archaeology magazine, The SAA Archaeological Record, and the Archaeology and Public Education newsletter. She has chapters in The Archaeology Education Handbook: Sharing the Past with Kids, and Thames and Hudson’s The Seventy Mysteries of the Ancient World. Most of Ms. Ellick’s publication efforts are directed towards classroom teachers. To this end, she has published multiple lesson plans, units, and activity guides using archaeology as the thematic approach to teaching requisite state educational benchmarks and standards. Recent educational units include The Grand Adventure! El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro, The Royal Road from Mexico City to Santa Fe; the People, Place, and Time curriculum, associated with the Central Arizona Project; the Teacher's Handbook for Desert Water: An Introduction to the Rio Grande Project of Southern New Mexico and West Texas; and Archaeology and the Environment: Hunters, Gatherers, & Seasonality.
David Cushman, M.A. RPA
Program Manager, Historic Preservation Programs
David Cushman earned his B.A. with honors in anthropology from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst in 1980 and his M.A. in anthropology in 1989 from the University of New Mexico. Mr. Cushman has been involved in historic preservation and cultural resources management for more than 25 years
Mr. Cushman worked as an archaeologist for the Peabody Museum at Harvard University, Southern Illinois University, the Arkansas Archaeological Survey, the Museum of New Mexico and the National Park Service, among others. In 1989 he joined the staff at the New Mexico Historic Preservation Division (HPD) in Santa Fe, New Mexico, becoming the Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer for the archaeology program in 1996. During his nine years with HPD, Mr. Cushman developed expertise in local, state and federal preservation law, engaged in extensive public outreach and education, and was an instructor in the Division’s Section 106 training program. He also administered the Santa Fe County archaeological ordinance and assisted local governments across the state of New Mexico in developing and achieving their preservation goals.
Upon leaving the New Mexico HPD in 1998, Mr. Cushman’s joined the Pima County Cultural Resources Office in Tucson, Arizona. While working for Pima County, Mr. Cushman conducted historic preservation in the context of the county’s administrative, planning, zoning and capital improvement programs. His responsibilities included providing technical advice to county staff and ensuring that county public works projects and private development actions complied with county, state and federal historic preservation requirements. Between 1999 and 2002, Mr. Cushman was a member of the county’s planning team that developed the Sonoran Desert Conservation Plan, a visionary long-term regional planning effort designed to balance natural and cultural resources conservation with growth and development. Mr. Cushman prepared the cultural resource element of the plan. The Sonoran Desert Conservation Plan was awarded the Outstanding Planning Award for a Plan by the American Planning Association in 2002. Mr. Cushman joined the Foundation in 2004 where he provides government and private sector clients with technical training, consultative services, and research products.
Mr. Cushman is a former member and Chair of the State of Arizona, Governor’s Archaeology Advisory Commission and is currently Chair of the Society for American Archaeology, Government Affairs Committee. He has authored and co-authored numerous articles and technical reports on historic preservation and cultural resources management.
Carla R. Van West, Ph.D., RPA
Director, Preservation Research Programs
Dr. Carla Van West earned a Ph.D. in anthropology from Washington State University, a M.A. in anthropology from the University of Arizona, and a B.A. in anthropology from Elmira College in New York State. She also holds a teaching certificate for community college education from the State of Arizona. Dr. Van West has considerable experience with archaeological research design development and implementation, project management, fieldwork, analysis, and report writing. She has more than 30 years’ experience in the archaeology of the U.S. Southwest and also has engaged in fieldwork in Scotland, Cyprus, and Egypt. Dr. Van West’s frequently cited dissertation involved an innovative approach to linking Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology with paleoclimatic data for locations in southwestern Colorado. This work, which was awarded an honorable mention for the 1992 Society for American Archaeology dissertation competition, has resulted in numerous papers, articles, and research collaborations with colleagues at Washington State University, University of Arizona, Arizona State University, University of Colorado, Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, and the Santa Fe Institute.
Before joining the staff of the Foundation, Dr. Van West was Senior Principal Investigator at Statistical Research, Inc. in Tucson, Arizona. Among her larger, more complex projects were the development of the Fort Huachuca Cultural Resource Management Plan for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; the design and oversight of the multiple task Canoa Ranch Archaeological Project for Fairfield Homes, Inc.; the coordination and research direction of a five-year on-call contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, Upper Colorado Region, for survey, testing, data recovery, Historic American Building Survey and Historic American Engineering Record documentation, National Register nominations, and public outreach services; the design and oversight of the Lower Oak Creek Archaeological Project, a data recovery project along State Route 89A near Sedona for the Arizona Department of Transportation; and the design and direction of the Fence Lake Archaeological Project in west-central New Mexico for the Phoenix-based utility company, Salt River Project. Within each project, she had major research, analysis, and writing responsibilities.
Dr. Van West has just begun her third 5-year term as a Board Member of the Western National Parks Association, a not-for-profit cooperating association established to assist the National Park Service with its education, research, and interpretation missions. During her tenure, she was elected to be a Board officer, serving as Chairman and Vice Chairman. In addition, she served on Budget and Finance, Publications, Research, and Performance Review committees and several task forces. Currently, she serves on the Strategic Planning Committee and the Nomination Committee. Dr. Van West is also a Research Associate of Crow Canyon Archaeological Center and regularly serves as a research scholar and seminar leader for their public outreach field programs.
Beth Chambers, M.A.
Passport in Time Volunteer Services Coordinator
Beth Chambers oversees the day-to-day operations of the Passport in Time (PIT) Clearinghouse, which is responsible for maintaining the administrative aspects of the PIT program. PIT is a volunteer archaeology and historic preservation program on public lands throughout the United States.
Ms. Chambers earned B.A. and M.A. degrees in anthropology with a double major in archaeology and museum studies from George Washington University. She has over 30 years of experience in the fields of archaeology, cultural resource management, historic preservation, ethnology, and museum exhibition. Prior to joining the Foundation in 2006, she worked for the National Park Service in the Vanishing Treasures ruins preservation program at Aztec Ruins, Salinas Pueblo Missions, and Bandelier National Monuments, where she conducted architectural documentation and condition assessments of prehistoric ruins for management planning.
Prior to relocating to New Mexico in 2000 from the Washington, D.C. area, Ms. Chambers carried out numerous archaeological projects under CRM contracts in the mid-Atlantic region and the Midwest. She co-directed the field inventory surveys of the Clinton Reservoir project in the Wakarusa River Valley of eastern Kansas under contract with the Corps of Engineers. She has also carried out fieldwork in Mexico and Guatemala. In the field of museum studies, she designed and installed a permanent resource unit on the archaeology of the Mid-Atlantic region for the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, and worked on the installation of their permanent South America exhibit. Ms. Chambers taught archaeology courses at George Washington University, served as Councilor on the Board of Managers of the Anthropological Society of Washington and served as the publications coordinator between this organization and the Smithsonian Institution. She was an associate of the Northern Algonquian Project at Catholic University for publishing reports on early 20th century ethnographic research in eastern Subarctic Canada. Her publications include a monograph on the archaeology of the Potomac Valley, journal articles on East Cree communities in the James Bay region of Canada, CRM project reports, and field research reports on Maya archaeology.
Ms. Chambers also has considerable organizational experience as a volunteer including co-founding and running a cooperative preschool, serving as political party precinct chairwoman in her community, and running political campaigns for local and statewide offices..
Joe
E. Watkins, Ph.D., RPA
Tribal Consultation Specialist
Joe Watkins is half Choctaw Indian by blood and has been involved in archaeology for more than thirty-five years. He received his BA in Anthropology from the University of Oklahoma and a M.A. and Ph.D. in Anthropology from Southern Methodist University. Dr. Watkins’s current study interests include the ethical practice of anthropology and the study of anthropology's relationships with descendant communities and aboriginal populations.
Over the course of his career he has worked in the government and private sectors of cultural resource management. He began his current position as an Associate Professor of Anthropology at the University of New Mexico in 2003 after nearly 10 years as the Anadarko Agency Archeologist for the Department of the Interior's Bureau of Indian Affairs in southwest Oklahoma.
He was a member of the Board of Directors of the Society for American Archaeology (SAA) from 2004-2006, and has served in numerous capacities within the committee structure of the SAA, including membership and Chair of its Ethics Committee, as past chairman of both the Native American Scholarships Committee and the Committee on Native American Relations of the SAA, and as a member of the Program Committee. He is past chair of the Committee on Ethics of the American Anthropological Association, past chairman of the Committee on Native American Issues of the Register of Professional Archaeologists, an advisor to the Council for the Preservation of Anthropological Records, and a member of the Indigenous Advisory Committee of the Fifth World Archaeological Congress held in Washington, D.C. in 2003.
His publications are oriented toward examining the relationship between archaeologists and the peoples they study as well as ethical issues in anthropology. Recent titles include “The Antiquities Act at 100 years: A Native American Perspective” in The Antiquities Act: A Century of American Archaeology, Historic Preservation, and Nature Conservation, edited by David Harmon, Francis P. McManamon, and Dwight T. Pitcaithley; “Communicating Archaeology: Words to the Wise”, Journal of Social Archaeology 6(1); “Through Wary Eyes: Indigenous Perspectives on Archaeology”. Annual Review of Anthropology 34 (2006); “Archaeological Ethics and American Indians” in A Handbook for Ethics in Archaeology, edited by Larry Zimmerman, Karen D. Vitelli, and Julie Zimmer; and “Beyond the Margin: American Indians, First Nations, and Archaeology in North America” published in American Antiquity. His book, Indigenous Archaeology: American Indian Values and Scientific Practice, was released by AltaMira Press in December of 2000 and is currently in its second printing, while his most recent book, Sacred Sites and Repatriation (Chelsea House Publishers) discusses American Indian repatriation and sacred sites issues..
Jeffrey H. Altschul, Ph.D., RPA
President, SRI Foundation Board of Directors
Jeffrey H. Altschul is the Chairman of the Board of Statistical Research, Inc. (SRI), a for-profit cultural resource management firm headquartered in Redlands, California. Dr. Altschul created SRI in 1983 and served as its President until the end of 2004. As highlighted in SRIF History, Dr. Altschul established the SRI Foundation in 2001. He has a B.A. in Anthropology from Reed College and a Ph.D. in Anthropology from Brandeis University. Dr. Altschul is a nationally recognized expert in the development and use of archaeological predictive modeling. He is also a recognized scholar in the archaeology of Arizona and southern California.
During his long career in CRM, Dr. Altschul has been the Principal Investigator for more than 700 cultural resource investigations and programs, predominantly in the Southwest and southern California. He has directed projects for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Air Force, Bureau of Land Management, Pima County (in Arizona), Navajo Nation, Arizona Department of Transportation, and numerous other agencies, in addition to private sector firms. Several of these projects involved creative and innovative approaches to the identification, evaluation and management of archaeological resources within large tracts of federally-managed lands.
Dr. Altschul was the Principal Investigator for a study that evaluated the use of archaeological predictive models as planning tools for several military installations across the country. He was also Senior Archaeologist on a project, in southern New Mexico, involving the collection and computerization of existing archaeological site and survey data and environmental data, for developing automated models of landscape and archaeological resource sensitivity. These models will be used as planning tools to streamline historic preservation compliance for petroleum exploration and production permitting.
Dr. Altschul is currently president of the Register of Professional Archaeologists and sits on the Arizona Governor’s Archaeological Advisory Council.
Don D. Fowler, Ph.D., RPA
Director, SRI Foundation Board of Directors
Don D. Fowler is
Mamie Kleberg Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Anthropology and
Historic Preservation, University of Nevada, Reno (UNR). His archaeological
career began in 1957 when he worked for six years as staff archaeologist
on the multi-year Glen Canyon Project located in Arizona and Utah.
After
receiving his Ph.D. (University of Pittsburgh, 1965), he directed 70+
archaeological, environmental, and historic preservation projects in
the Great Basin, including the privately-endowed million dollar Sundance
Archaeological Research Fund (1994–2001). He is the author, co-author,
or editor of over 110 research papers, monographs and books on Desert
West archaeology, the history of Western exploration and early photography,
the history of American anthropology and archaeology, heritage resources
management, and archaeological ethics.
Dr. Fowler’s contributions to the archaeological profession include
substantive advances in historic preservation legislation and programs.
In 1978–1979, he was the Society for American Archaeology (SAA)
lead-lobbyist working with others to write and gain Congressional passage
of the Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979. In 1985–1986,
as President of the SAA, he was instrumental in bringing Native Americans
and archaeologists together to lay the ground work for the passage
of Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act of 1990.
In 1987,
Dr. Fowler founded the UNR Continuing Education Program in Heritage
Resources Management, the prototype for similar programs elsewhere.
Dr. Fowler is currently the President of the Nevada Rock Art Foundation and a Research Associate in Anthropology for the Smithsonian Institution. He is also a member of the Advisory Board of the Center for Desert Archaeology in Tucson, Arizona and the Science Advisory Committee for the Glen Canyon Adaptive Management Program. Esteemed for his many contributions, Dr. Fowler has been recognized with several prestigious awards. Among these are the Distinguished Graduate Medal from the University of Pittsburg (1986) and the SAA Lifetime Achievement Award (2004).
William
D. Lipe, Ph.D., RPA
Director, SRI Foundation Board of Directors
William D. Lipe is Professor Emeritus within the Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman. He is considered by many of his peers to be one of the most distinguished scholars of Southwestern archaeology today. Dr. Lipe has worked on some of the largest and most influential projects in the Southwest, including the Glen Canyon, Cedar Mesa, Dolores, and Sand Canyon projects, often as principal investigator and always as one of the project’s intellectual and administrative leaders.
Dr. Lipe’s 1974 article, A Conservation Model for American Archaeology, is still considered by many to contain the guiding principles of cultural resource management (CRM). Dr. Lipe’s publications and commitment to this topic continue to the present day, and he one of the most respected spokespersons in the United States for the preservation of our archaeological and historical heritage. As President of the Society for American Archaeology (1995–1997), and also as a founding member of the Society for Professional Archaeologists (SOPA) and its successor the Register of Professional Archaeologists (RPA), Dr. Lipe has served as a national and international voice for the need to pursue high-quality research, conserve representative samples of archaeological sites for the future, and share the meaningful results of these endeavors with a variety of professional and public audiences.
Dr. Lipe is a past Director of Research (1985–1993) and a current member of the Board of Trustees (1993–present) for Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, a non-profit research and educational institution located in Cortez, Colorado. He also serves on the Advisory Board of the non-profit Center for Desert Archaeology in Tucson, Arizona and on the Advisory Committee of the Canyon of the Ancients National Monument, managed by the Bureau of Land Management.